Heidegger the Fox - Hannah Arendt
Heidegger says, with great pride: "People say that Heidegger is a fox." This is the true story of Heidegger the fox: Once upon a time there was a fox who was so lacking in slyness that he not only kept getting caught in traps but couldn't even tell the difference between a trap and a non-trap. This fox suffered from another failing as well. There was something wrong with his fur, so that he was completely without natural protection against the hardships of a fox's life. After he had spent his entire youth prowling around the traps of people, and now that not one intact piece of fur, so to speak, was left on him, this fox decided to withdraw from the fox world altogether and to set about making himself a burrow. In his shocking ignorance of the difference between traps, he hit on an idea completely new and unheard of among foxes: He built a trap as his burrow. He set himself inside it, passed it off as a normal burrownot out of cunning, but because he had always thought others' traps were their burrowsand then decided to become sly in his own way and outfit for others the trap he had built himself and that suited only him. This again demonstrated great ignorance about traps: No one would go into his trap, because he was sitting inside it himself. This annoyed him. After all, everyone knows that, despite their slyness, all foxes occasionally get caught in traps. Why should a fox trapespecially one built by a fox with more experience of traps than any othernot be a match for the traps of human beings and hunters? Obviously because this trap did not reveal itself clearly enough as the trap it was! And so it occurred to our fox to decorate his trap beautifully and to hang up equivocal signs everywhere on it that quite clearly said: "Come here, everyone; this is a trap, the most beautiful trap in the world." From this point on it was clear that no fox could stray into this trap by mistake. Nevertheless, many came. For this trap was our fox's burrow, and if you wanted to visit him where he was at home, you had to step into his trap. Everyone except our fox could, of course, step out of it again. It was cut, literally, to his own measurement. But the fox who lived in the trap said proudly: "So many are visiting me in my trap that I have become the best of all foxes." And there is some truth in that, too: Nobody knows the nature of traps better than one who sits in a trap his whole life long. |
|
هايدگرِ روباه -
هانا آرنت
هايدگر، با افتخارِ فراوان مىگويد: "مردم مىگويند که هايدگر روباه است." اين قصهى واقعىِ هايدگرِ روباه است: روزى روزگارى، روباهى بود، که نه تنها آنقدر زيرکى نداشت که مراقب باشد به تله نيافتد، بلکه حتا تفاوتِ تله و غيرِتله را هم نمىتوانست بفهمد. اين روباه، عيبِ ديگرى هم داشت. نقصى در پوستِ او بود. به همين خاطر، فاقدِ حِفاظِ طبيعى، در برابرِ سختىهاى زندگىِ روباهان بود. او جوانىِ خود را، به پَرسه زدن در اطرافِ تلههاى مردم گذرانده بود، و اکنون که - به عبارتى - جاى سالم در بدنَش نمانده بود، بَر آن شد، که از جهانِ روباهان، يکسره کناره گيرد، و براى خود، لانهاى تدارک بيند. شناختِ بَساندکِ او از تفاوتِ ميانِ تلهها، او را به فکرى انداخت، که در ميانِ روباهان، يکسره تازه و بىسابقه بود: تلهاى را لانهى خود ساخت. در آن جاى گرفت و وانمود کرد که لانهاى معمولىست - نه از روى فريب، بل از آن رو که هَماره انديشيده بود، که تلهى ديگران، لانهى آنان است - و سپس، بَر آن شد، که به شيوهى خود، زيرکى کند، و وسيلهاى را که تلهى ديگران بود، و مالِ خود ساخته بود، به خود اختصاص دهد. اين گواهِ ديگرى بود بَر شناختِ بَساندکِ او از تلهها: هيچکس واردِ تلهاش نشد، چرا که خودش در آن نشسته بود. اين او را آزار مىداد. بالاخره همه مىدانند، که روباهان، همگى، با وجودِ زيرکى، گهگاه، در تله مىافتند. چرا بايد تلهى يک روباه - بويژه اگر ساختهى روباهى باشد، که تجربهى تلهاش، بيش از همه باشد - به خوبىِ تلههاى آدميان و شکارچيان نباشد؟ بديهى بود، که اين تله، به قدرِ کفايت آشکار نبود، که تله است. پس روباهِ ما به اين فکر افتاد، که تلهاش را به زيبايى بيآرايد، و نشانههاى شکبَرانگيزى به همهجاى آن بيآويزد، که آشکارا بگويد: "همه اينجا بياييد؛ اين تله است، اين زيباترين تلهى جهان است." همين نشان مىداد، که هيچکدامِ روباهان، اشتباهاً، در اين تله گرفتار نمىآيند. با وجودِ اين، بسيارى آمدند. چرا که اين تله لانهى روباهِ ما بود، و هر که مىخواست براى ديدنَش به لانهاش برود، ناچار بود درونِ تلهاش برود. البته، به غيرِ روباهِ ما، تمامِ روباهان مىتوانستند از آن برون بيايند. آن را، به عبارتى، به قامت او بُريده بودند. ولى روباه که در آن تله زندگى مىکرد، با افتخار مىگفت: "براى اين، بسيارى به ديدنَم مىآيند، که از همهى روباهان بهتر شدهام." و در اين، حقيقتى هم هست: ماهيتِ تلهها را، بهتر از همه، آن مىداند، که تمامِ عمرِ خود را، در تله گذرانده باشد. |